The austerity bill passed by a landslide, 61 to 14, and will now go to final vote on Dec. 13.

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The country’s left-wing opposition says the measure goes beyond simple belt-tightening. They say it represents a brutal attack on the country’s education and health systems, which rely heavily on public funding. Opponents argue the spending-freeze will disproportionately impact the poorest and most vulnerable segments of Brazilian society.

That’s why so many students were in the streets yesterday. They burned vehicles — including, reportedly, a car belonging one of President Temer’s ex-girlfriends — and smashed the windows of government buildings.

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In response, police used pepper spray and teargas to disperse the crowd. In one video circulating on social media, a police officer is shown gratuitously jabbing a protester in the ribs with a truncheon. One seasoned foreign correspondent tweeted that the protests, and the corresponding aggression of the police towards the protesters, was the most violent he had seen in the country since the massive street protests in 2013.

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Shannon Sims is an independent journalist writing for Forbes, NPR, and the Washington Post.